Gerbera

Gerbera (Gerbera) - a plant of the aster family, about half a meter high with stellate large flowers of various shades. The birthplace of gerbera is South Africa, as well as the island of Madagascar. This perennial herb with medium-intensive growth is grown as a decorative decoration for the interior, including for cutting.

Large gerbera flowers with a basket can be both terry and smooth, with a core of white or dark tones. The maximum flowering period is 2 months. The life span of a flower is no more than 3 years.

Pay attention to the Jacobinia and Gloriosa plants.

Beneficial features

Gerbera - these are colorful flowers with a delicate aroma, which at home will not harm even allergy sufferers or asthmatics. This flower serves as a natural air purifier that filters oxygen from harmful impurities. In addition, a useful property of gerbera is the ability to maintain a flowering decorative appearance for about a month.

Basic Gerbera Care

Gerbera at home takes root pretty quickly and does not cause much trouble, if you follow the main points of competent flower care, namely:

Gerbera care at home

After the acquisition, the plant is given the opportunity to settle in under current conditions for about two weeks. Most often, a purchased blooming gerbera dies after flowering, since usually these flowers get used to the greenhouse content, which provides the necessary climate and lighting for at least 12 hours a day. And immediately after the purchase, a gerbera flower at home can not always adapt to a new place, and as a result, the plant produces only foliage without inflorescences, or dies.

But you can try to save the purchased gerbera. To do this, two weeks after the acquisition, without even waiting for a complete flowering, the plant is transplanted into a more voluminous pot with the replacement of temporary store soil.

Gerbera blossom

With proper care, a gerbera is able to please with flowers several times a year. On one plant at the same time about 5-6 inflorescences can bloom, resembling a camomile. The diameter of the flowers is quite large - 5 cm, with the petals of the usual, "terry" or needle-shaped. A variety of shades of gerbera allows you to decorate absolutely any interior with this flower. In addition, with proper care, the plant remains fresh for at least a month.

Temperature mode

A very important point in gerbera care is maintaining the temperature balance both in summer and in winter. In the first case, the flower should not be allowed to overheat, otherwise the risk increases and one does not at all wait for the flowering period. The maximum allowable temperature in the summer is 21 degrees.

In winter, the plant is sent for a “respite”, in a cool room with a temperature of no higher than 14 heat with the possibility of regular ventilation.

Spraying

Home gerbera almost always needs to be sprayed. In winter, such a measure will help to avoid drying out of the flower due to the operation of heating systems. In the summer, moisture evaporates very quickly from the surface of the soil and from the plant itself, because it is precisely spraying that will help maintain the desired balance, avoiding wilting and decay of foliage, which is possible if you go too far with watering.

For spraying, it is better to use a spray gun with a fine spray. Large droplets that fall directly on flowers in the sun can cause burn spots.

Gerbera Lighting

Morning or evening soft sunlight will help the gerbera feel great at any time of the year. It is better not to substitute it under direct midday rays, otherwise overheating and burns are ensured, which will only destroy the flower.

In cloudy, cool weather, it is recommended to organize additional treatment of gerbera. Only in this case, you can count on the fact that the flower will live for more than one year.

Watering

Moderate watering is an indispensable condition for the successful development of gerbera. Even in hot weather, you can’t flood the plant, since waterlogging of the ground cover leads to rotting of the roots or the appearance of fungal diseases. The basic rules for watering this flower:

• topsoil should not dry deeper than 2-3 cm
• in winter, watering should be reduced, the rule works here - it’s better to slightly underfill than to overfill
• use only protected or thawed, as well as rainwater
• if after watering excess water has accumulated in the pan - it must be poured.

Priming

For gerbera, any loose permeable soil is ideal. For instance:

• acidic azalea soil;
• peat with perlite, one part of each;
• universal soil for decorative-flowering with an admixture of vermiculite;
• substrate of peat, sand and sheet soil with a ratio of 1: 1: 2

Regardless of the composition of the soil, a drainage layer is also created - from expanded clay, shell rock or small pebbles.

Fertilizer and fertilizer

For successful growth, any indoor flower needs additional trace elements, including gerbera. Home care involves regular dressing of the plant, which is carried out two months after transplantation and subsequently every ten days. At the stage of foliage growth, the flower requires nitrogen-containing fertilizer. After the plant gets stronger, mineral formulations are necessary for flowering plants, which will be enough, even if you use half of the recommended dose.

Transfer

Transplantation indoor gerberas most often carried out by transshipment method, if this is not the very first procedure after the store. Shop soil should be completely replaced, as it does not contain useful substances for the plant, but has stimulant preparations to preserve the flowering appearance. So, at the first transplant after the store, the dried soil of the flower should be slightly moistened, the plant must be carefully removed, the roots completely removed from the ground and disinfected in a fungicide solution. Then placed in a new pot and specially prepared soil.

At the next home transplant, an earthen lump with a plant is enough to transfer to a new pot without affecting the root system, and fill the flower cup with the missing amount of fresh soil. An important nuance is that when a gerbera is transplanted, its root neck is left 2-3 cm above the soil surface, in order to avoid infection with fungal pathologies.

Rest period

Gerbera at home blooms not always willingly. To get regular flowering, it is necessary to give the plant a rest in the winter. Namely, remove wilted inflorescences and leaves, put in a cool place with a temperature of about 12 degrees, ventilate the room and maintain a moderate moist balance of the soil. Closer to spring, the flower is placed in a warm sunny place, if necessary, you can arrange a mini-greenhouse.

Gerbera propagation

It is mainly carried out in two ways:

1. Reproduction by processes. In this embodiment, a stalk with leaves and roots is used, which, immediately after separation from the main plant, is planted in peat soil with the addition of sand. To speed up the result, it is recommended to organize a greenhouse climate - cover the sprout with a bag and place in a warm, ventilated place. After germination - you can transplant into ordinary soil.
2. Growing gerbera from the seeds. By choosing this method, you should be prepared for the fact that you will have to wait for the result for a longer time. The first flowering of such a gerbera occurs in about a year. First, plant seeds are planted in moist peat soil in special seedling cassettes. Then they are sprinkled with sand, sprayed and placed in a greenhouse. After a week or two, the first shoots should be indicated. After the appearance of at least three leaves, they pick. As a rule, only seeds from the store germinate well, in contrast to those obtained at home.

Diseases and Pests

Consider the causes of the most common plant diseases:

• dark spots on the leaves gerberas indicate the appearance of a fungal disease;
• leaves turn brown with the defeat of late blight, which occurs with too dense substrate, abundant watering;
• white mold on the leaves - this is nothing more than powdery mildew or fizariosis - a variety of fungus;
• the vein space of the leaves turns yellow with chlorosis - a pathology caused by a lack of iron;
• leaves turn black gerberas in a room with high humidity, as well as with heavy watering with cold water.
• leaf edges dry with insufficient moisture of the flower, or with an excess of fertilizer components;
• rotting roots due to too frequent and heavy watering.
• does not bloom in conditions of constant lack of sunlight, as well as in the absence of a rest period in the cold season.

Other gerbera diseases can be caused by the appearance of pests - powdery worms, spider mites or whiteflies.

Types of gerbera with photos and names

Gerber Jameson

It blooms most of the year, reaching a height of 60 cm. It has large chamomile flowers and leaves 10-15 cm in size. Most often it is white, cream, pinkish, raspberry, red and yellow-orange.

Gerbera Mini

Such gerberas are widely used in floristry, due to the multivariate color of the flowers and their miniature size: inflorescences with a diameter of not more than 5-7 cm, stem length up to 30 cm. These flowers are often bred at home as potted plants.

Gerbera varieties

Currently, more than 70 varieties of gerbera are bred, each of which has a unique color. The most common are:

• Orange gerbera. These are the varieties: "Orangina", "Sweet Caroline", "Sweet Honey"

  "Orangina", "Sweet Caroline", "Sweet Honey"

with a middle of lemon shades and varying degrees of staining of the petals.

• Pink gerberas. The most popular varieties are: "Jasmina" with white patches and a yellow core, "Sweet Surprise" with an orange center, "Pam" - a brownish core framed by bright pink petals.

  "Jasmina", "Sweet Surprise", "Pam"

• Red gerberas. The most memorable: "Sweet Glow" - a brick shade of flowers, "Rachel" - scarlet petals in combination with a greenish center, "Sophie" - pink-red inflorescences with a light core.

  "Sweet Glow", "Rachel", "Sophie"

• White Gerberas. Among them are more famous: "Valerie" - a cream shade with a pink undertones, "Catherine" - needle-shaped petals and a yellow center, "Sylvana" - outwardly practically copy chamomile inflorescences.

  "Valerie", "Catherine", "Sylvana"

Watch the video: 音源 SDVX GERBERA NOFX (November 2024).